NPI database download by state: active NPPES records in every state

The CMS NPPES file is the free, public source for NPI data, and its September 2026 release holds 9,443,429 active NPI records. If you download it and group by practice state, the distribution is heavily skewed: California alone holds 1,188,147 records (12.6% of active records). The top five states together hold 3,517,841 records. This page walks through the state counts, each state's individual-versus-organization split and how recently its records were updated, and what the file can and cannot tell you before you build a dataset on top of it. All figures are Provyx aggregations of the CMS NPPES monthly file (September 2026 release, records to 13 September 2026). For background on what NPPES is and how it works, see NPPES: Definition and Guide. For a field-level view of what the registry does and does not include, see NPI Registry: What It Gives You and What It Doesn't. For the columns each record in the download holds, see What's in the NPI database download: NPPES file contents.

Our data

Contribution: first-party data, derived analysis, downloadable dataset

• Collected: counts from the CMS NPPES September 2026 file, where each active NPI (individual or organization; deactivated records excluded) is counted once under its primary practice-location state; records last updated five or more years before 1 October 2026 are those in the update-age bands 5 to 10 years and 10 years or more (a last-update date on or before 1 October 2021), aggregated 13 September 2026. The practice-location state is self-reported by providers.
• Published: 64 NPI counts, each covering at least 10 NPI records (smaller groups are withheld).
• Method: the exact queries, row counts and thresholds are in the methodology.
• Computed: 3 derived figures (top-3 and top-5 totals) from the published figures. Each is a dataset row with its formula, inputs and expression, so it can be recomputed.
• Tracked: in our source-fact ledger since 5 October 2026; no changes recorded yet.
• Sources: the source manifest (JSON) lists the source behind the figures (registry files), each with its public URL, retrieval date, status and the reason any is left out. A card's or table's Source link goes to that source's own page.
• Reproduce it: download the data as CSV or JSON (67 rows; variables: Active records, total; Active records by entity type; Active records per practice state; Derived figure; license CC BY 4.0).

The individual and organization split

Most of the file is individual providers. 7,471,371 of the 9,443,429 active NPI records (79.1%) are Individual (NPI-1) records, and 1,972,058 (20.9%) are Organization (NPI-2) records (Provyx aggregation of the CMS NPPES monthly file, observed 13 September 2026). That ratio matters when you plan outreach: an NPI-1 record is a person, an NPI-2 record is an organization such as a practice or facility (see Type 1 vs Type 2 NPI). The two need different contact strategies and different deduplication rules.

Active records per practice state

The state counts are the core of any NPI database download by state. The spread is wide, and a few states dominate. The table also splits each group into individual and organization records and gives the share last updated five or more years before 1 October 2026, and both vary by state. Florida holds 174,053 organization records and Texas 167,005, both more than New York's 104,803, although New York has more records than either. The five-year share is 52.0% for all active records; among the states it runs from 31.1% in Nebraska to 60.4% in New York, with California at 48.5%, so check the age of a state's slice as well as its size.

Active NPPES records with a practice location in each state

Active NPPES records with a practice location in each state

Rank	Name	NPI records	Share of active records (%)	Individual	Organization	Last updated 5+ years before 1 Oct 2026 (% of group)
1	California (CA)	1,188,147 NPI records	12.6%	990,604 individual	197,543 organization	48.5%
2	New York (NY)	658,554 NPI records	7.0%	553,751 individual	104,803 organization	60.4%
3	Florida (FL)	654,298 NPI records	6.9%	480,245 individual	174,053 organization	49.5%
4	Texas (TX)	608,782 NPI records	6.4%	441,777 individual	167,005 organization	51.2%
5	Ohio (OH)	408,060 NPI records	4.3%	341,769 individual	66,291 organization	48.4%
6	Michigan (MI)	358,035 NPI records	3.8%	292,163 individual	65,872 organization	48.7%
7	Pennsylvania (PA)	336,445 NPI records	3.6%	265,651 individual	70,794 organization	57.2%
8	Illinois (IL)	319,057 NPI records	3.4%	244,865 individual	74,192 organization	53.8%
9	North Carolina (NC)	277,639 NPI records	2.9%	204,218 individual	73,421 organization	50.2%
10	Massachusetts (MA)	259,106 NPI records	2.7%	222,619 individual	36,487 organization	57.7%
11	Washington (WA)	243,690 NPI records	2.6%	206,950 individual	36,740 organization	55.6%
12	New Jersey (NJ)	234,529 NPI records	2.5%	168,087 individual	66,442 organization	56.8%
13	Georgia (GA)	231,044 NPI records	2.4%	171,580 individual	59,464 organization	52.2%
14	Maryland (MD)	216,529 NPI records	2.3%	162,592 individual	53,937 organization	46.2%
15	Virginia (VA)	201,370 NPI records	2.1%	152,297 individual	49,073 organization	50.3%
16	Colorado (CO)	197,612 NPI records	2.1%	151,984 individual	45,628 organization	50.5%
17	Arizona (AZ)	176,734 NPI records	1.9%	129,800 individual	46,934 organization	51.8%
18	Minnesota (MN)	168,923 NPI records	1.8%	136,475 individual	32,448 organization	48.9%
19	Tennessee (TN)	160,698 NPI records	1.7%	128,023 individual	32,675 organization	52.2%
20	Indiana (IN)	156,158 NPI records	1.7%	122,889 individual	33,269 organization	46.9%
21	Oregon (OR)	150,473 NPI records	1.6%	127,704 individual	22,769 organization	55.0%
22	Missouri (MO)	148,904 NPI records	1.6%	114,553 individual	34,351 organization	53.0%
23	Wisconsin (WI)	144,985 NPI records	1.5%	118,686 individual	26,299 organization	52.9%
24	Louisiana (LA)	125,957 NPI records	1.3%	93,479 individual	32,478 organization	56.4%
25	Nevada (NV)	123,468 NPI records	1.3%	102,279 individual	21,189 organization	49.1%
26	Oklahoma (OK)	117,468 NPI records	1.2%	93,887 individual	23,581 organization	55.1%
27	South Carolina (SC)	116,758 NPI records	1.2%	88,228 individual	28,530 organization	53.1%
28	Kentucky (KY)	113,560 NPI records	1.2%	88,850 individual	24,710 organization	53.6%
29	Connecticut (CT)	105,759 NPI records	1.1%	85,393 individual	20,366 organization	56.2%
30	Utah (UT)	95,905 NPI records	1.0%	79,545 individual	16,360 organization	48.3%
31	Alabama (AL)	95,037 NPI records	1.0%	69,412 individual	25,625 organization	51.9%
32	Nebraska (NE)	92,879 NPI records	1.0%	80,835 individual	12,044 organization	31.1%
33	West Virginia (WV)	91,596 NPI records	1.0%	81,591 individual	10,005 organization	40.7%
34	Arkansas (AR)	86,591 NPI records	0.9%	68,922 individual	17,669 organization	56.8%
35	Kansas (KS)	72,813 NPI records	0.8%	56,189 individual	16,624 organization	53.0%
36	New Mexico (NM)	69,780 NPI records	0.7%	57,471 individual	12,309 organization	54.3%
37	Iowa (IA)	66,129 NPI records	0.7%	49,602 individual	16,527 organization	53.0%
38	Mississippi (MS)	58,103 NPI records	0.6%	41,424 individual	16,679 organization	57.8%
39	Puerto Rico (PR)	58,000 NPI records	0.6%	41,200 individual	16,800 organization	59.3%
40	District of Columbia (DC)	52,872 NPI records	0.6%	47,454 individual	5,418 organization	52.0%
41	Idaho (ID)	46,334 NPI records	0.5%	34,220 individual	12,114 organization	49.8%
42	Maine (ME)	43,344 NPI records	0.5%	34,286 individual	9,058 organization	59.2%
43	Hawaii (HI)	40,981 NPI records	0.4%	32,757 individual	8,224 organization	55.2%
44	New Hampshire (NH)	40,795 NPI records	0.4%	33,554 individual	7,241 organization	57.3%
45	Alaska (AK)	36,065 NPI records	0.4%	29,443 individual	6,622 organization	57.6%
46	Rhode Island (RI)	32,249 NPI records	0.3%	26,112 individual	6,137 organization	52.0%
47	Montana (MT)	30,051 NPI records	0.3%	22,447 individual	7,604 organization	52.3%
48	Delaware (DE)	27,969 NPI records	0.3%	21,628 individual	6,341 organization	55.6%
49	North Dakota (ND)	27,668 NPI records	0.3%	22,850 individual	4,818 organization	47.9%
50	South Dakota (SD)	23,217 NPI records	0.2%	17,646 individual	5,571 organization	55.6%
51	Vermont (VT)	19,198 NPI records	0.2%	15,565 individual	3,633 organization	54.4%
52	Wyoming (WY)	18,486 NPI records	0.2%	13,936 individual	4,550 organization	59.3%
53	Non-US or blank	5,986 NPI records	0.1%	4,440 individual	1,546 organization	54.1%
54	Armed Forces Europe, Middle East, Africa and Canada (AE)	2,906 NPI records	0.0%	2,777 individual	129 organization	36.2%
55	Armed Forces Pacific (AP)	2,298 NPI records	0.0%	2,187 individual	111 organization	32.9%
56	US Virgin Islands (VI)	1,249 NPI records	0.0%	739 individual	510 organization	62.6%
57	Guam (GU)	1,183 NPI records	0.0%	899 individual	284 organization	55.4%
58	Armed Forces Americas (AA)	430 NPI records	0.0%	420 individual	10 organization	34.2%
59	Northern Mariana Islands (MP)	319 NPI records	0.0%	208 individual	111 organization	64.9%
60	American Samoa (AS)	231 NPI records	0.0%	195 individual	36 organization	42.0%
61	Federated States of Micronesia (FM)	13 NPI records	0.0%	10 individual	3 organization	53.8%

California is the standout at 1,188,147 records, 12.6% of active records. New York (658,554) and Florida (654,298) are nearly level, each well below California, and Texas (608,782) follows. The top three states combined hold 2,500,999 records; add Texas (608,782) and Ohio (408,060) and the top five reach 3,517,841. The remaining 56 groups together account for 5,925,578 records (Provyx aggregation of the CMS NPPES monthly file, observed 13 September 2026).

Below the top tier the counts fall steadily rather than dropping off a cliff. Michigan (358,035) through Georgia (231,044) form the next tier, and the middle of the table includes Kentucky (113,560), Connecticut (105,759) and Utah (95,905). The smallest states hold a small fraction of California's count: Wyoming has 18,486 records and Vermont 19,198, 0.2% of active records each.

The tail also includes groups that are not states in the usual sense. Puerto Rico holds 58,000 records, comparable to Mississippi (58,103). The District of Columbia holds 52,872, more than several small states. There are 5,986 records in the non-US or blank group, plus small military (APO/FPO) groups such as AE (2,906) and AP (2,298) and territory groups such as the US Virgin Islands (1,249) and Guam (1,183).

What the distribution supports for data buyers and builders

CMS publishes the monthly file for the whole country only, so one state's slice comes from filtering the national file. Keep rows whose entity type code is 1 (individual) or 2 (organization), since a blank code marks a deactivated NPI, and whose practice-location state is the two-letter code you need; the state counts above are the size of each slice. For teams buying or building provider data, three decisions follow directly from these figures.

First, state-level coverage planning should weight by record share, not by state count. The top five states hold 3,517,841 records, fewer than the 5,925,578 in the other 56 groups, so a pipeline tuned only to California, New York, Florida, Texas and Ohio still leaves most of the file outside it.

Second, plan for the non-state rows explicitly. The 5,986 non-US or blank records and the military and territory groups are small in share but will surface in any full-file download. Deciding early whether to keep, tag or drop them avoids a cleanup pass later.

Third, the 79.1% individual share means person-level records dominate the national file. If your use case targets organizations such as practices and facilities, the 1,972,058 NPI-2 records are the smaller pool, and keeping only them removes 79.1% of the national working set.

Limits of this data

Several caveats belong next to any use of these counts.

Coverage is defined by the file itself: active NPI records in the CMS NPPES September 2026 release, each NPI counted once, with NPIs issued from 23 May 2005 to 12 September 2026. This is a registry of enumerated providers, not a census of practicing clinicians, and it is a snapshot as of 13 September 2026, not a trend.

The state grouping counts practice locations as recorded in the file. A record with a non-US country code, no state, or a state not given as a two-letter code (such as a state name written out in full) is counted as "non-US or blank", and Puerto Rico, other US territories and military APO/FPO codes are kept as their own groups. Each NPI is counted under its primary practice location; other practice locations sit in a separate CMS reference file and are not counted here, so the counts measure records, not headcount.

The practice-location state is self-reported by providers and organizations, and CMS notes that issuing an NPI does not validate that a provider is licensed or credentialed. Update age, measured from the last-update date to 1 October 2026, varies widely across records and is worth checking before you rely on contact details.

Finally, these are record counts, not market share or provider headcount. A state's share of NPI records reflects enumeration in the registry, not care delivery or any vendor's coverage. For how the free file compares with paid sources, see NPPES vs Commercial Provider Data: 2026 Accuracy. For the full method, see the methodology.

How to use the dataset

The CSV and JSON files hold 67 rows: one row per aggregate group (each published figure), plus one row per derived figure with its formula and inputs (64 observed, 3 derived). The rows behind each group (the collected source rows) are not published.

Columns: id (row id (observed rows r01..., derived figures d01...)), kind (observed or derived), entity, attribute, scenario, value, number (the figure as a plain number), unit, scope (the scope, or a derived figure's input row ids), input_price_scope, scenario_scope, formula (a derived figure's formula in words), expression (its arithmetic over the input figures), source_owner, source_url, observed_at, fixture.

Variables: Active records, total; Active records by entity type; Active records per practice state; Derived figure. NPPES figures as of 13 September 2026. License: CC BY 4.0.

Each observed row's source_url is its public source (the page the data came from) or, for a figure built from several sources, the section of the source manifest that lists them; derived rows list their input rows in scope.

To use it, filter attribute to the figure you need, sort by number, and cite the row's source_owner and observed_at. Recompute any derived row from its expression and the input rows its scope lists.